Fig. 4

Effect of sodium butyrate on relative mRNA expression in the liver of goats fed HG vs. HG alone and LG. Gene expression was analysed quantitative real time-PCR (qRT-PCR). a mRNA abundance of genes encoding antioxidant enzymes in the liver (b) mRNA abundance of Nrf2 target genes in the liver (c) NrfF2 and NF-kB mRNA expression. GAPDH was used as the reference gene for gene expression. Data were analysed by mixed model in SAS (SAS version 9.2, SAS Institute Inc., USA) and are expressed as the mean ± S.E.M. **P < 0.01, * P < 0.05. LG = low grain; HG = high grain; HG + NaB = high grain + sodium butyrate; SOD1 = superoxide dismutase 1; SOD2 = superoxide dismutase 2; SOD3 = superoxide dismutase 3; GPX1 = glutathione peroxidase1; GPX3 = glutathione peroxidase 3; CAT = catalase; HMOX2 = haem oxygenase 2; MGST3 = microsomal glutathione S-transferase 3; MT1A = metallothionein 1A; NQO1 = NAD(P)H dehydrogenase, quinone 1; UGT1A1 = UDP glucuronosyltransferase 1 family, polypeptide A1; MT1E = metallothionein 1E; MT2A = metallothionein 2A; TXNRD1 = thioredoxin reductase 1; SRXN1 = sulfiredoxin 1; NrfF2 = nuclear factor E2-related factor 2; NF-kB = nuclear factor kappa B; GAPDH = glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase