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Table 3 Analysis of risk factors for first movement after disbudding in goat kids anaesthetised with different protocols by certified Swiss farmers. Final generalized estimation equation model correcting for the effect of the herd, n = 30 herds and 166 goat kids (CI, confidence interval; Ref, reference). Eight goat kids were excluded, because first movement could not be exactly observed

From: Evaluation of anaesthesia and analgesia quality during disbudding of goat kids by certified Swiss farmers

Risk factor

Beta (in minutes)

95%CI

p-Value

Anaesthesia protocol

< 0.001

 Recommended xylazine-ketamine mixture

Ref

Ref

Ref

 Xylazine-ketamine (other dosage)

7.0

−4.2-18.1

0.223

 Xylazine

17.4

1.4–33.4

0.033

 Xylazine-Lidocaine

50.2

40.4–59.9

< 0.001

Breed

< 0.001

 Chamois-Coloured

Ref

Ref

Ref

 Saanen

20.7

8.3–33.1

0.001

 Toggenburg

18.6

7.9–29.3

< 0.001

Grisons Striped

−7.1

−25.7-11.5

0.454