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Fig. 3 | BMC Veterinary Research

Fig. 3

From: Quality of life and owner attitude to dog overweight and obesity in Thailand and the Netherlands

Fig. 3

Owner attitude: scale z-scores. This figure is based on part 4 of the questionnaire (see Additional file 1: Appendix) and the subscale z-scores summarized in Additional file 1: Table S6. Panel a, Attitude in feeding; panel b, Attitude in exercise. The subscale z-scores were averaged, resulting in a scale z-score. Results are presented as means ± SEM. ANOVA = two-way analysis of variance with main factors country and body condition score. C indicates effect of country; B, effect of body condition score; CxB, interaction; – = no significant C, B and CxB effect. Effects were significant when P < 0.05. Scale z-scores that were not normally distributed and/or where the variances were unequal, were first transformed. In the figure the type of transformation is indicated. The data were also tested for significant differences by an ANCOVA with main factors country and body condition score, dog’s gender and sexual status. Post hoc testing was done by unpaired Student’s t test (Gaussian distributed data + homoscedasticity), unpaired Student’s t test with Welch-Satterthwaite correction (Gaussian distributed data + heteroscedasticity) or Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test (non-Gaussian distributed data). * = Significant difference (P < 0.005683) in the post hoc comparison

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