Significance of clinical observations and biochemical alterations in buffalo calves with dietary abomasal impaction

Table 4 Least Square Means ± Standard Error of serum electrolytes and some metabolic variables in buffalo calves with abomasal impaction compared with clinically healthy controls

Variables	Control (n = 10)	Survivors (n = 11)	Non-Survivors (n = 9)
Sodium (mmol/L)	135.70 ± 0.45	135.55 ± 0.73	136.78 ± 0.465
Potassium (mmol/L)	4.52 ± 0.17^c	3.00 ± 0.14^b	2.21 ± 0.01^a
Chloride (mmol/L)	99.40 ± 0.96^c	81.73 ± 0.91^b	70.33 ± 1.8^a
Lactate (μg/ml)	219.40 ± 2.1^a	330.45 ± 16.1^b	690.00 ± 65.6^c
Glucose (mmol/L)	3.35 ± 0.04^c	3.00 ± 0.05^b	2.61 ± 0.11^a
Calcium (mmol/L)	2.42 ± 0.14^b	1.93 ± 0.17^a	1.84 ± 0.15^a
Phosphorus (mmol/L)	1.27 ± 0.033	1.25 ± 0.030	1.26 ± 0.04

^{a, b, c}: Variables with different superscript in the same row are significantly different at P < 0.05

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