Table 1 Signalment and imaging findings in 178 French bulldogs with thoracolumbar IVDE (n = 47), cervical IVDE (n = 30) or without IVDE (n = 101)
Variable | French bulldogs with thoracolumbar IVDE (n = 47) | French bulldogs with cervical IVDE (n = 30) | French bulldogs without IVDE (n = 101) | Risk factor for thoracolumbar or cervical IVDE? |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Male (%) | 31 (66) | 21 (70) | 76 (75.2) | N/A |
Female (%) | 16 (34) | 9 (30) | 25 (24.8) | N/A |
Mean age in years (range) | 3.6 (1.6–6.6) | 3.4 (1.4–6.9) | 2.25 (0.33–10.2) | Yes (p < 0.001; OR 1.03) |
Thoracic vertebral malformation (%) | 44 (93.6) | 24 (80) | 90 (89) | No |
Scoliosis (%) | 13 (27.7) | 6 (20) | 21 (20.8) | No |
Kyphosis (%) | 27 (57.4) | 14 (47) | 33 (33) | Yes (p = 0.038; OR 1.98) |
Median Cobb angle for kyphosis (range) | 21.8 (1–47.9) | 9.9 (0.6–67) | 9.1 (0.2–72) | N/A |