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Table 3 Values for the heart and respiratory rate before and during sedation

From: Effect of butorphanol, midazolam or ketamine on romifidine based sedation in horses during standing cheek tooth removal

Sedation protocol

R

RB

RM

RK

Heart rate baseline

53 ± 22

44 ± 8

47 ± 11

44 ± 7

Heart rate sedation

29 ± 4a

29 ± 2a

31 ± 3a

28 ± 3a

Respiratory rate baseline

22 ± 6

19 ± 3

22 ± 12

21 ± 6

Respiratory rate sedation

13 ± 3a

13 ± 3a

12 ± 3a

14 ± 5a

  1. Results are listed as mean ± standard deviation
  2. Group R Romifidine only, group RB Romifidine and Butorphanol, group RM Romifidine and Midazolam, group RK Romifidine and Ketamine
  3. a= significant difference to baseline measurement