Leaves from banana (Musa nana) and maize (Zea mays) have no phyto-prophylactic effects on the susceptibility of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) to Aeromonas hydrophila infection

Table 3 Summary of the results from the challenge experiment. The values in this table represent the mean and confidence intervals for each parameter

Feeding group	Cumulative mortality [% of fish]	Average haematocrit [%]	Bacterial load in dead fish [CFU/ml]	Average grade of the skin lesions
Pellets	10.0 ± 3.89%	36.40 ± 4.10	9.23⁺⁰⁵ ± 5.88⁺⁰⁶	1.73 ± 0.33
Pellets + banana leaves	26.7 ± 5.95%	35.31 ± 2.99	9.90⁺⁰⁷ ± 9.31⁺⁰⁷	1.20 ± 0.27
Pellets + maize leaves	10.0 ± 0.0%	35.93 ± 3.06	3.06⁺⁰⁷ ± 2.22⁺⁰⁷	0.93 ± 0.21

Bacterial loads where calculated from the head kidney of fish that died following the challenge with A. hydrophila. The severity of the skin lesions was estimated individually for each based on the criterion by Lio-Po et al. [20]. Data are shown as the mean and standard deviation, as calculated for each infected fish that had received the same feeding regimen. Each of these feeding regimens was represented by three tanks

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