Fig. 1

IBV induces chMDA5, chIFN-β, chIFN-λ and chMx expression in chicken embryos. In this experiment three embryos were inoculated with IBV, and three embryos were inoculated with PBS served as negative control; then, the trachea, intestine, kidney, lung, liver, and muscle tissues were collected from the embryos 72 h post-infection. a The IBV genome loads were quantified by RT-qPCR. b chMDA5, (c) chIFN-β, (d) chIFN-λ and (e) chMx were calculated as fold change of the infected group relative to the uninfected group and normalized against β-actin. Data are shown as the mean ± SD (n = 3, 3 embryos) (* P ≤ 0.05; ** P ≤ 0.01). The representatives of three independent experiments showed similar results. Values represent the average of the results from three independent experiments with standard error bars