Table 2 Hormonal-metabolic (blood concentrations of cortisol, lactate, glucose, and NEFA) and cardio-respiratory stress responses (HR, RR, MAP; mean ± SEM) to local anaesthesia in the distal hind limb (IVRA: intravenous regional anaesthesia, N = 8; NBA: hindfoot nerve block anaesthesia, N = 8; t-5: 5 min before, t2, t14, t29, t40: 2, 14, 29, and 40 min after anaesthesia)
Time | Relative | To | Anesthesia | (Minutes) | Statistics | (p-values) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
t-5 | t2 | t14 | t29 | t40 | ||||||||||
Parameter | Group | Mean | SEM | Mean | SEM | Mean | SEM | Mean | SEM | Mean | SEM | Group | Time | Group*time |
Cortisol | IVRA | 48.7 | 6.6 | 53.5 | 6.9 | 65.4 | 7.0 | 73.3 | 7.0 | 77.4 | 6.3 | 0.90 | < 0.001 | 0.17 |
(ng/ml) | NBA | 43.1 | 61.9 | 62.8 | 69.3 | 81.6 | ||||||||
Lactate | IVRA | 2.99 | 0.54 | 4.36 | 0.76 | 5.02 | 0.78 | 5.57 | 0.99 | 5.60 | 1.02 | 0.80 | 0.013 | 0.34 |
(mmol/l) | NBA | 3.76 | 4.05 | 4.01 | 4.77 | 5.65 | ||||||||
Glucose | IVRA | 3.81 | 0.14 | 4.01 | 0.11 | 4.06 | 0.16 | 4.48 | 0.25 | 4.84 | 0.30 | 0.66 | < 0.001 | 0.78 |
(mmol/l) | NBA | 3.98 | 4.21 | 4.18 | 4.46 | 4.86 | ||||||||
NEFA | IVRA | 324 | 69 | 321 | 72 | 346 | 91 | 397 | 81 | 451 | 84 | 0.70 | 0.001 | 0.14 |
(μmol/l) | NBA | 308 | 320 | 308 | 328 | 358 | ||||||||
HR | IVRA | 73 | 6 | 83 | 7 | 68 | 6 | 84 | 8 | 84 | 7 | 0.53 | 0.019 | 0.44 |
(1/min) | NBA | 76 | 88 | 82 | 83 | 88 | ||||||||
RR | IVRA | 23 | 3 | 32 | 4 | 29.8 | 3.1 | 33.0 | 3.2 | 36.3 | 4 | 0.90 | < 0.001 | 0.016 |
(1/min) | NBA | 29 | 29 | 27.8 | 35.3 | 31.8 | ||||||||
MAP | IVRA | 137 | 5 | 148 | 5 | 148 | 4 | 145 | 4 | 146 | 4 | 0.35 | 0.016 | 0.47 |
(mmHg) | NBA | 146 | 148 | 151 | 149 | 154 |