Serum biochemical parameters | Hen age (weeks) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
36Â weeks of age | 36Â weeks of age | |||||||
Control | PRE | PRO | SYN | Control | PRE | PRO | SYN | |
Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 3.72 ± 0.35a | 3.11 ± 0.22b | 2.87 ± 0.44b | 2.92 ± 0.40b | 2.80 ± 0.55 | 2.39 ± 0.28 | 2.69 ± 0.33 | 2.46 ± 0.10 |
LDL (mmol/L) | 0.13 ± 0.05a | 0.08 ± 0.02b | 0.07 ± 0.04b | 0.06 ± 0.02b | 0.09 ± 0.03a | 0.06 ± 0.01b | 0.04 ± 0.01b | 0.05 ± 0.01b |
HDL (mmol/L) | 0.21 ± 0.04 | 0.24 ± 0.04 | 0.25 ± 0.03 | 0.26 ± 0.05 | 0.26 ± 0.06 | 0.29 ± 0.04 | 0.31 ± 0.05 | 0.38 ± 0.04 |
Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 14.15 ± 3.67 | 13.95 ± 2.12 | 12.49 ± 3.38 | 13.51 ± 1.65 | 14.54 ± 3.33 | 12.83 ± 2.38 | 14.17 ± 2.23 | 12.73 ± 0.97 |
ALT (U/L) | 25.21 ± 7.77a | 8.34 ± 1.58b | 5.19 ± 0.69b | 4.05 ± 1.32b | 12.38 ± 3.18a | 9.81 ± 2.11b | 6.55 ± 0.93b | 8.39 ± 1.12b |
ALP (U/L) | 407.79 ± 42.31a | 285.58 ± 31.91bc | 213.88 ± 24.07c | 314.34 ± 32.86b | 288.74 ± 39.80a | 207.46 ± 34.75b | 215.14 ± 22.34b | 211.50 ± 21.52b |
AST (U/L) | 272.98 ± 31.03 | 238.20 ± 11.42 | 240.63 ± 24.07 | 249.00 ± 34.17 | 245.80 ± 12.74 | 244.95 ± 11.84 | 233.85 ± 17.18 | 242.48 ± 10.86 |
GGT (U/L) | 39.25 ± 4.65 | 27.50 ± 9.78 | 27.50 ± 2.87 | 28.50 ± 3.87 | 18.75 ± 3.78 | 16.17 ± 4.01 | 15.75 ± 4.09 | 18.17 ± 1.85 |
CK (U/L) | 4524.50 ± 505.30 | 4088.00 ± 526.83 | 3992.50 ± 700.14 | 4263.00 ± 737.99 | 4504.50 ± 595.81 | 3979.50 ± 425.55 | 4080.00 ± 639.79 | 3983.25 ± 350.15 |
Total protein (g/L) | 58.20 ± 1.54 | 61.16 ± 2.95 | 57.68 ± 2.33 | 57.90 ± 3.64 | 50.76 ± 4.91 | 49.00 ± 3.48 | 49.33 ± 4.13 | 46.06 ± 1.01 |
Uric acid (μmol/L) | 196.40 ± 27.13 | 193.64 ± 12.09 | 198.50 ± 17.84 | 190.67 ± 13.37 | 255.70 ± 11.90 | 209.78 ± 27.72 | 221.45 ± 14.73 | 244.93 ± 13.09 |
Ca (mmol/L) | 5.93 ± 0.52 | 6.41 ± 0.12 | 6.17 ± 0.35 | 6.39 ± 0.26 | 4.37 ± 0.43 | 4.61 ± 0.25 | 4.56 ± 0.13 | 4.69 ± 0.20 |
P (mmol/L) | 1.70 ± 0.26 | 1.86 ± 0.15 | 1.59 ± 0.16 | 1.70 ± 0.11 | 1.55 ± 0.19 | 1.73 ± 0.22 | 1.77 ± 0.20 | 1.74 ± 0.19 |
Na (mmol/L) | 157.75 ± 1.06 | 160.36 ± 1.16 | 160.20 ± 3.95 | 157.19 ± 1.05 | 152.17 ± 1.05 | 156.79 ± 1.95 | 155.16 ± 0.40 | 155.34 ± 1.08 |
K (mmol/L) | 4.85 ± 0.29 | 4.70 ± 0.26 | 4.45 ± 0.17 | 4.83 ± 0.53 | 5.00 ± 0.48 | 4.68 ± 0.29 | 5.00 ± 0.66 | 5.35 ± 0.38 |
Cl (mmol/L) | 121.11 ± 1.91 | 123.00 ± 1.00 | 123.37 ± 4.62 | 121.78 ± 1.56 | 114.24 ± 2.16 | 119.02 ± 0.99 | 118.78 ± 0.50 | 116.13 ± 0.96 |
Glucose (mmol/L) | 12.15 ± 0.62 | 12.13 ± 0.29 | 11.93 ± 0.29 | 12.30 ± 0.52 | 10.61 ± 0.49 | 11.19 ± 0.64 | 11.02 ± 0.38 | 11.14 ± 0.21 |