Fig. 2

Cytokine and chemokine mRNA levels in PBMCs and splenic lymphocytes. Splenic lymphocytes and PBMCs isolated from mature specific pathogen-free chickens were treated with HA1–2 and HA1–2-fliC proteins for 12 h in vitro. Expression levels of cytokines and chemokines in PBMCs (a, b) and splenic lymphocytes (c, d) were measured by qRT-PCR. Data are presented as the mean ± standard error of the mean. Statistical significance of differences is illustrated as follows: *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001