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Table 1 Detailed patient information reporting age (in years), breed, sex, diagnosis, treatment, complications and synovial fluid parameters

From: Course of serum amyloid A (SAA) plasma concentrations in horses undergoing surgery for injuries penetrating synovial structures, an observational clinical study

Group

Patient

Signalement

Diagnosis

Surgical treatment

Repeated AL/standing lavage

Complications

Duration of injury

Synovial parameters at admissiona

Duration of treatment

1

2

Trotter, 6y, S

Pastern laceration right hind, septic digital flexor tendon sheath

Wound debridement; standing needle lavage digital flexor tendon sheath

 

None

>24 h

Positive pressure test; >80% neutrophils; 3200 TNC/μL;

TP 4 g/dL

4 days treatment was continued by referring veterinarian

1

5

Gidran, 13y, G

Laceration left tarsus, septic tarsal sheath

Wound debridement; AL tarsal sheath; GA

 

None

2 days

>85% neutrophils; and positive pressure test

9 days

1

6

Cob, 13y, M

Street nail injury right front, septic distal interphalangeal joint

AL distal interphalangeal joint; GA

 

Euthanasia

d 30 of hospitalization after developing septic navicular bursitis right front

2 days

>95% neutrophils; 200 TNC

/400xHPF; TP 7,2 g/dL

15 days for septic interphalangeal joint

1

8

Nonius, 9y, G

Street nail injury left hind, septic navicular bursa

BL navicluar bursa:; GA

 

none

5 days

>95% neutrophils; positive pressure test

14 days

1

11

WB, 18y, G

Puncture wound left hind fetlock, cellulitis

Debridement and standing needle lavage metatarsophalangeal joint

 

Euthanasia after discharge due to laminitis right hind

>2 days

80% neutrophils; 3200 TNC/μL;

TP 3 g/dL

16 days

1

12

Cob, 16y, M

Laceration left tarsus septic tarsometatarsal joint

needle lavage tarsometatarsal joint: GA

 

Euthanasia on d 27 of hospitalisation due to osteomyelitis left Mt. IV

4 days

>95% neutrophils; positive pressure test

19 days for septic tarsometatarsal joint

1

13

Pony, 20y, G

Laceration, bone sequester left humerus, septic bicipital bursa

Needle lavage, sequestrectomy, standing

 

None

>24 h

Positive pressure test

28 days

1

14

Icelandic horse, 15y, M

Laceration left elbow; septic elbow joint, open intraarticular olecranon fracture

Type II

AL elbow joint, fracture repair; GA

 

None

>24 h

Positive pressure test

26 days

1

15

WB, 24y, G

Laceration SDFT and DDFT right hind, septic digital flexor tendon sheath

TVL digital flexor tendon sheath; GA

 

Scar tissue formation SDFT

2 days

Positive pressure test; >75% neutrophils; 21,910 TNC/μL; TP 4 g/dL

10 days

1

16

Icelandic horse, 2y, M

Laceration right carpus septic carpal joints

AL carpal joints; GA

 

None

>36 h

Positive pressure test; >80% neutrophils; 26,670 TNC/μL; TP 3,4 g/dL

12 days

1

18

Arab, 17y, M

Laceration left tarsus, septic tarsocrural joint/open comminuted calcaneus fracture

standing needle lavage tarsocrural joint;

 

Euthanasia on d 7 of hospitalisation due to pleural effusion, heart failure

>36 h

Positive pressure test; >96% neutrophils; 10,270 TNC/μL; TP 5 g/dL

6 days

1

20

WB, 12y, G

Laceration right front fetlock septic digital flexor tendon sheath

TVL digital flexor tendon sheath; GA

 

Adhesions formation SDFT and digital tendon sheath;

7 days

Positive pressure test; >88% neutrophils; 310 TNC/400× HPF;

TP 3,5 g/dL

18 days

2

4

WB, 8y, G

Laceration right stifle; septic femoropatellar joint

Wound debridement; AL femoropatellar joint: GA

Yes; AL; GA; 48 h after first surgery

None

36 h

Positive pressure test; >80% neutrophils; 8700 TNC/μL;

TP 4,6 g/dL

9 days

2

7

QH, 4y, G

Laceration right carpus septic middle carpal joint; osteomyelitis carpal accessory bone

AL middle carpal joint: GA

8 days after first surgery; curettage of carpal accessory bone, GA; no AL indicated

Osteomyelitis accessory carpal bone

>2 days

positive pressure test; >80% neutrophils; 120 TNC/400× HPF;

TP 6,4 g/dL

28 days

2

17

Polo Pony, 16y, G

Puncture wound left tarsus; septic tarsal sheath

AL tarsal sheath; GA

Yes; AL; GA 96 h after initial surgery

 

4 days

>95% neutrophils; >100 TNC/400× HPF;

TP 7,2 g/dL

23 days

2

19

Trotter, 8y, M

Laceration right carpus septic carpal joints

AL carpal joints; GA

Yes; 3 ALs GA 48 h, 96 h and 6 days after initial surgery

 

5 days

>90% neutrophils; 36,600 TNC/μL; TP 6 g/dL

36 days

3

1

WB, 3y, M

Laceration left tarsus, contaminated tarsocrural joint

wound debridement; AL tarsocrural joint: GA

 

None

5 h

>90% neutrophils; 35,880 TNC/μL; TP 5 g/dL

12 days

3

3

Criollo, 20y, M

Street nail injury right hind; contaminated navicular bursa

BL navicular bursa; GA

 

None

6 h

Positive pressure test

20 days

3

9

WB, 9y, M

Pastern laceration left hind, contaminated digital flexor tendon sheath

TVL digital flexor tendon sheath; GA

 

None

4 h

Positive pressure test; >95% neutrophils; 14,220 TNC/μL; TP 2,4 g/dL

10 days

  1. M mare, S stallion, G gelding, WB warmblood, QH quarter horse, Mt. IV fourth metatarsal bone, DDFT deep digital flexor tendon, SDFT superficial digital flexor tendon, GA general anaesthesia, DRLP distal regional limb perfusion, AL arthroscopic lavage, TVL tendovaginoscopic lavage, BL bursoscopic lavage, HPF high power field, TP total protein
  2. anot all parameters were available for each patient, dependent on the amount of synovial fluid/if synovial fluid was obtained