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Table 3 Univariate meta-regression analysis of factors for the prevalence of trypanosome infection based on the field studies with dissection method used for diagnosis of trypanosome infection

From: A systematic review and meta-analysis of trypanosome prevalence in tsetse flies

Variables

Prevalence

Odds ratio

Estimate

95% CI

Estimate

95% CI

p-value

Year of publication

-

 

-

0.998

0.996

0.999

0.035

Country

 Burkina Faso

40.5

28.1

53.0

Ref.

   

 Ivory Coast

18.6

13.7

23.6

0.82

0.69

0.97

0.021

 Nigeria

18.0

5.0

30.9

0.80

0.67

0.95

0.010

 Cameroon

10.9

2.9

18.8

0.74

0.62

0.89

0.002

 Uganda

10.0

3.0

17.0

0.74

0.62

0.88

0.001

 Zambia

8.6

3.1

14.1

0.73

0.61

0.86

<0.001

 Liberia

8.2

4.4

12.1

0.74

0.61

0.89

0.002

 Kenya

7.4

3.5

11.4

0.72

0.61

0.85

<0.001

 Tanzania

7.0

5.2

8.9

0.71

0.61

0.84

<0.001

 South Africa

6.8

0.2

20.5

0.71

0.58

0.88

0.002

 Gambia

6.0

5.2

6.8

0.71

0.59

0.85

<0.001

 Ethiopia

4.9

0.6

9.2

0.70

0.58

0.84

<0.001

 Rwanda

4.1

3.0

5.1

0.70

0.58

0.84

<0.001

Glossina sample type

 MS

30.8

7.6

53.9

Ref.

   

 Salivary gland

19.3

18.4

20.2

0.91

0.69

1.19

0.472

 MPS

11.2

8.5

14.0

0.84

0.72

0.98

0.023

 Proboscis

10.6

4.3

16.9

0.83

0.70

0.98

0.029

 Mid gut

6.5

4.6

8.3

0.83

0.70

0.98

0.027

 Mid gut and proboscis

6.5

5.0

8.0

0.80

0.68

0.94

0.007

Glossina species

  G. nigrofusca

25.9

1.9

49.9

Ref.

   

  G. pallicera

23.5

12.4

34.7

1.04

0.81

1.34

0.751

  G. medicorum

20.0

4.8

44.8

0.96

0.66

1.39

0.811

  G. tachinoides

17.7

8.5

26.9

0.93

0.78

1.12

0.454

  G. morsitans

15.8

9.0

22.6

0.92

0.77

1.08

0.304

  G. austeni

15.0

3.9

2.16

0.91

0.68

1.22

0.520

  G. palpalis

10.5

6.4

14.6

0.87

0.74

1.03

0.107

  G. mixed species

9.6

4.3

14.8

0.86

0.72

1.03

0.102

  G. swynnertoni

9.2

3.0

15.4

0.86

0.71

1.03

0.101

  G. pallidipes

8.3

5.8

10.8

0.85

0.72

1.00

0.052

  G. brevipalpis

5.8

2.3

9.3

0.83

0.69

1.00

0.046

  G. fuscipes

1.1

0.1

2.1

0.79

0.65

0.96

0.017

  G. longipennis

0.2

0.1

0.5

0.78

0.63

0.98

0.031

  1. MS Mid gut and salivary gland, MPS Mid gut, proboscis and salivary gland