TY - JOUR AU - Lin, Zhoumeng AU - Cuneo, Matthew AU - Rowe, Joan D. AU - Li, Mengjie AU - Tell, Lisa A. AU - Allison, Shayna AU - Carlson, Jan AU - Riviere, Jim E. AU - Gehring, Ronette PY - 2016 DA - 2016/11/18 TI - Estimation of tulathromycin depletion in plasma and milk after subcutaneous injection in lactating goats using a nonlinear mixed-effects pharmacokinetic modeling approach JO - BMC Veterinary Research SP - 258 VL - 12 IS - 1 AB - Extra-label use of tulathromycin in lactating goats is common and may cause violative residues in milk. The objective of this study was to develop a nonlinear mixed-effects pharmacokinetic (NLME-PK) model to estimate tulathromycin depletion in plasma and milk of lactating goats. Eight lactating goats received two subcutaneous injections of 2.5 mg/kg tulathromycin 7 days apart; blood and milk samples were analyzed for concentrations of tulathromycin and the common fragment of tulathromycin (i.e., the marker residue CP-60,300), respectively, using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Based on these new data and related literature data, a NLME-PK compartmental model with first-order absorption and elimination was used to model plasma concentrations and cumulative excreted amount in milk. Monte Carlo simulations with 100 replicates were performed to predict the time when the upper limit of the 95% confidence interval of milk concentrations was below the tolerance. SN - 1746-6148 UR - https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-016-0884-4 DO - 10.1186/s12917-016-0884-4 ID - Lin2016 ER -