Pro-inflammatory cytokines and structural biomarkers are effective to categorize osteoarthritis phenotype and progression in Standardbred racehorses over five years of racing career

Table 2 Radiographic score adopted to assess fetlock joint OA in horses based on standard x-ray examinations

Radiographic parameters^a	Score
Joint space narrowing	0 to 3
Osteophytes number	0 to 3
Osteophytes size	0 to 3
Enthesiophytes number	0 to 3
Enthesiophytes size	0 to 3
Subchondral bone changes at the palmar/plantar aspect of the metacarpal/metatarsal condyles	0 to 3
Osteochondral fragmentations number	0 to 3
Osteochondral fragmentations size	0 to 3
Soft tissues swelling	0 to 3
Supracondylar bone resorption	0 to 3
Proximal sagittal crest osteolysis	0 to 3

^aall parameters were scored 0 (normal) to 3 (pathologic) and summed up together

ISSN: 1746-6148