Gross and histopathological evaluation of human inflicted bruises in Danish slaughter pigs

BMC Veterinary Research

Table 3 Diagnostic agreement (estimated as Cohen’s kappa) between two samples (a and b) of bruises from each of 81 slaughter pigs with multiple bruises

Tissue layer	Variable	Kappa	Lower95	Upper95	Level of agreement	P-value
Dermis	Hyper-leukocytosis	0.58	0.29	0.88	Moderate	0.0037
	Leukocytes	0.43	0.23	0.64	Moderate	0.0002
	Hemorrhage	0.29	-0.18	0.76	Not significant	0.1508
Subcutis	Neutrophils	0.30	0.14	0.46	Fair	0.0000
	Hyper-leukocytosis	0.29	-0.18	0.76	Not significant	0.5000
	Macrophages	0.52	0.23	0.80	Moderate	0.0034
	Hemorrhage	-0.04	-0.77	0.70	Not significant	0.5395
Muscle	Necrosis	0.14	-0.19	0.48	Not significant	0.2146
	Neutrophils	0.32	0.12	0.53	Fair	0.0015
	Macrophages	0.17	-0.06	0.40	Not significant	0.0806
	Leukocytes in the interstitial space	0.43	0.15	0.71	Moderate	0.0077
	Leukocytes present intramuscularly	0.40	0.18	0.62	Moderate	0.0008
	Hyper-leukocytosis	0.00	-1.95	1.95	Not significant	0.5000
	Hemorrhage	0.34	0.13	0.54	Fair	0.0012

Limits of 95 % confidence interval not including zero and a P-value for kappa below 0.05 means there is some level of agreement between the test results of tissue samples a and b within the same pig. The level of agreement (fair, moderate) depends on the kappa value
The agreement was based on histological variables within the dermis, subcutis and underlying muscle tissue of bruise a and bruise b

ISSN: 1746-6148