Table 1 Prevalence of slaughtering gravid cows in Germany and other countries – results of different authors

1

Up to 10.8 %, mean 4.3 % of cows and heifers

NS

Lücker et al. [6]

2

4.9 %

Mostly in 5th month; 38 % and 62 % in 2nd and 3rd trimester, respectively

Di Nicolo [5]

3

Up to 15 %, mean 9.6 %, median 7.1 % of cows and heifers

90 % in 2nd or 3rd trimester

Riehn et al. [3, 4]

4

0.2 % and 1.2 %

NS

Marahrens and Schwarzlose [7] referring to results of the National Association of Meat Hygiene, Animal Welfare and Consumer Protection

5

3.5 %

56 % in 2nd or 3rd trimester, 0.8 % in the 3rd trimester

German Government [9] referring the German Association of the Meat Industry

6

approximately 5 % (USA)

NS

Kushinsky [12]

7

NS

13.1 % in 1st, 62.6 % in 2nd and 24.3 % in 3rd trimester (Canada)

Herenda [13]

8

8.6 % (Pakistan)

NS

Khan and Khan [14]

9

23.5 % (Great Britain)

26.9 % in 3rd trimester (Great Britain)

Singleton and Dobson [15]

10

5.3 % (Luxembourg), 10.1 % (Belgium), 4.5 % (Italy)

In 3rd trimester: 36 % (Luxembourg), 15 % (Italy)

Di Nicolo [5]

11

1.5–2.1 % (Nigeria)

NS

Ademola [16]