Table 1 Inhibition concentration (μg/ml) of the saponin extract on 50 % bacterial growth and biofilm formation of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus

72.6 ± 7.9

72.8 ± 9.6

138.6 ± 11.0

129.8 ± 10.5

50.2 ± 5.7^a

43.6 ± 4.2^a

79.6 ± 9.1^a

70.2 ± 10.2^a

30.4 ± 6.5^a,b

22.8 ± 5.2^a,b

59.0 ± 9.6^a,b

52.4 ± 8.0^a,b

23.4 ± 5.6^a,b

18.6 ± 5.7^a,b

43.2 ± 5.9^a,b

39.2 ± 3.5^a,b

21.6 ± 5.1^a,b

15.6 ± 3.5^a,b

35.2 ± 4.5^a,b

30.2 ± 7.0^a,b

69.2 ± 6.3

65.6 ± 10.5

126.2 ± 6.7

122.8 ± 8.3

28.2 ± 5.2^b,c

26.8 ± 6.8^b,c

51.6 ± 8.0^b,c

44.4 ± 6.1^b,c

24.4 ± 4.7^b,c

19.2 ± 4.8^b,c

35.4 ± 5.3^b,c

28.6 ± 6.3^b,c

13.4 ± 3.9^b,c

12.8 ± 5.1^b,c

27.6 ± 5.7^b,c

22.8 ± 6.2^b,c