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Table 4 Adjusted estimates of the effects of trimester on the average lactation length and average calving-to-conception interval of 127 dairy cattle herds of Treviso province, Italy, obtained from the final mixed-effects linear models with first order autoregressive covariance structure fitted to monthly measurements (January 2009 to June 2012).

From: Productive and reproductive performances of dairy cattle herds in Treviso province, Italy (2009–2012): an assessment of the potential impact of Schmallenberg virus epidemic

Trimester

Average lactation length (days)a

Average calving-to-conception interval (days)b

Least square mean†

Standard error

Coefficient

p-value

Least square meanc

Standard error

Coefficient

p-value

Jan-March 2009

200.27

2.33

2.27

0.3540

165.97

2.81

9.34

0.0004

Apr-Jun 2009

203.17

2.25

5.17

0.0303

160.03

2.75

3.40

0.1815

Jul-Sep 2009

197.72

2.28

−0.28

0.9052

162.91

2.77

6.28

0.0113

Oct-Dec 2009

200.96

2.27

2.96

0.1929

164.34

2.76

7.71

0.0012

Jan-March 2010

203.15

2.21

5.15

0.0212

162.01

2.70

5.38

0.0185

Apr-Jun 2010

201.95

2.18

3.95

0.0703

161.71

2.68

5.08

0.0199

Jul-Sep 2010

200.74

2.24

2.74

0.1935

162.40

2.73

5.77

0.0054

Oct-Dec 2010

202.14

2.24

4.14

0.0349

159.11

2.73

2.48

0.1921

Jan-March 2011

199.91

2.20

1.91

0.2916

158.10

2.71

1.47

0.3853

Apr-Jun 2011

199.82

2.22

1.82

0.2688

156.94

2.73

0.31

0.8338

Jul-Sep 2011

193.57

2.30

−4.43

0.0006

157.47

2.79

0.84

0.4645

Oct-Dec 2011

198.00

2.30

Ref.

-

156.63

2.79

Ref.

-

Jan-March 2012

200.70

2.38

2.70

0.0639

157.42

2.85

0.79

0.5395

Apr-Jun 2012

206.23

2.50

8.23

<.0001

158.22

2.91

1.59

0.3545

  1. aEstimates are adjusted for variables 6 and 12–18 and for mean temperature (see Tables 1 and 5), all included as fixed effects. Random effects were set at the farm level and used sinusoidal terms for seasonal control
  2. bEstimates are adjusted for variables 12–18, and for mean temperature (see Tables 1 and 5), all included as fixed effects. Random effects were set at the farm level and used sinusoidal terms for seasonal control
  3. cAlso referred to as marginal means, are the means after controlling for the other covariates included in the models