Fig. 5

The antisense oligonucleotide sequence YN8 protected PAM from cytopathic effects and reduced the viral titer by 1000 fold. Pulmonary alveolar macrophages (PAM) (10 000 cells per well) were seeded into 96-well plates the day before infection and transfection. Ten-fold serial dilution of PRRSV YN-1 strain was made with medium. 100 μl/well of each dilution was added into six wells. Ninety minutes post infection, the transfection was performed. CPE was monitored using the inverted microscope over a period of 4 days post transfection. The 50 % tissue culture infected dose (TCID50) was determined by Reed–Muench method. Comparing to the mock and 2-nt mismatch 5UP2control groups, transfection with antisense oligonucleotide sequence YN8 significantly protected the PAM from cytopathic effects (a) and reduced the viral titer by 1000-fold (b)