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Table 1 Clinical and hematological evaluations during pre-induction and post-induction periods (mean ± SD)

From: Dynamic expression of leukocyte innate immune genes in whole blood from horses with lipopolysaccharide-induced acute systemic inflammation

 

PIH −120

PIH −96

PIH −24

PIH 0

PIH 1

PIH 2

PIH 4

PIH 8

PIH 16

PIH 24

Ref

Rectal temperature (°C)

37.9 ± 0.3

37.5 ± 0.4

37.7 ± 0.2

37.8 ± 0.3

38.1 ± 0.5

38.9 ± 0.9^

39.9 ± 0.9^

38.4 ± 0.3

38.4 ± 0.2

38.1 ± 0.5

37.3 - 38.3

Heart rate (beats per minute)

38 ± 4

35 ± 5

37 ± 5

40 ± 8

52 ± 9

56 ± 8^

43 ± 8

50 ± 5

54 ± 9^

53 ± 13^

28 - 40

Respiratory rate (breaths per minute)

18 ± 11

14 ± 2

13 ± 4

16 ± 4

–

18 ± 8

17 ± 5

28 ± 22

12 ± 5

15 ± 8

10 -14

Borborygmus scorea

11.3 ± 0.8

11.5 ± 0.8

11.7 ± 0.8

11.7 ± 0.5

3.8 ± 2.9^

3.8 ± 3.3^

6.5 ± 2.5^

9.5 ± 2.9

9.8 ± 3.3

9.8 ± 4.4

 

WBC (10^9 cells/L)

8.2 ± 1.7

7.1 ± 1.4

8.0 ± 2.0

7.5 ± 1.7

2.0 ± 0.9^

1.7 ± 1.0^

2.7 ± 1.6^

9.5 ± 3.2

12.9 ± 2.8^

14.1 ± 2.7^

6 - 12

Total neutrophil count (10^9 cells/L)

4.5 ± 0.7

3.5 ± 0.5

4.0 ± 1.1

4.0 ± 0.9

0.2 ± 0.1^

0.3 ± 0.3^

1.6 ± 1.3

8.4 ± 2.9^

10.9 ± 2.2^

11.6 ± 2.5^

3 - 6

Total lymphocyte count (10^9 cells/L)

3.0 ± 1.0

2.9 ± 1.1

3.1 ± 1.1

2.8 ± 1.1

1.7 ± 0.8

1.3 ± 0.7^

1.0 ± 0.4^

0.7 ± 0.4^

1.5 ± 1.0^

2.1 ± 1.3

1.5 - 5

Total monocyte count (10^9 cells/L)

0.4 ± 0.2

0.4 ± 0.1

0.4 ± 0.2

0.4 ± 0.2

0.1 ± 0.03^

0.04 ± 0.03^

0.04 ± 0.03^

0.1 ± 0.04^

0.2 ± 0.1^

0.2 ± 0.1^

0 - 0.6

  1. Pre-induction period: PIH −120 – PIH 0. Post-induction period: PIH 1 – PIH 24. aBorborygmus was assessed on the ventral and dorsal abdomen on both sides and scored as ileus = 0, significantly decreased = 1, slightly decreased = 2, normal = 3. In total, borborygmus score per horse for each time point ranged 0 (complete ileus) to 12 (normal borborygmus). ^ denotes statistical significant difference (p < 0.0063) of post-injection levels compared with baseline levels at PIH 0. Reference values (ref) are according to Aiello [17]