Table 1 Signalment of dogs included and relevant history

Sex

  Male

8 (27.4%)

5 (22%)

13 (25%)

  Male neutered

9 (31%)

10 (43.3%)

19 (36.5%)

  Female

n/a

1 (4.3%)

1 (2%)

  Female neutered

12 (41.4%)

7 (30.4%)

19 (36.5%)

Weight at start of LEV (kg)

28.3 (7.5-77.9; IQR 23.3-33.6)

22.8 (3.4-55; IQR 18.6-44.2)

26.3 (3.4-77.9; IQR 19.2-36.2)

Age at first seizure (years)

1.9 (0.2-7.2; IQR 1.4-4)

2.6 (0.8-7.6; IQR 1.5-4.8)

2.6 (0.2-7.6; IQR 1.5-4.1)

Age at follow up/death (years)

6 (1–12; IQR 4.8-8)^a

6 (2–12; IQR 4.1-7.9)^b

6.1 (1–12; IQR 4.6-8)

Length of epilepsy (years)

3 (0.1-8.6; IQR 1.5-5.5)

2.3 (0.3-6.9; IQR 1.6-3.2)

3 (0.1-8.6; IQR 1.5-4.9)

Total number of seizures prior AED

2 (0.3-60; IQR 1–3.5)

3 (0.4-20; IQR 2–5)

2.5 (0.3-60; IQR 1.1-5)

Total number of seizures prior LEV

5.3 (0.7-60; IQR 2.5-12)

4 (0.7-15; IQR 2–9)

4.8 (0.7-40; IQR 2–9.8)

Total number of seizures on LEV

2 (0–40; IQR 0.8-5.7)

1 (0–12; IQR 0–4)

1.3 (0–40; IQR 0.5-4.8)

Total number of seizure days prior AED

1 (0.3-7; IQR 1–2.5)

2 (0.3-6; IQR 1.3-3)

1.6 (0.3-7; IQR 1–3)

Total number of seizure days prior LEV

2 (0.7-12; IQR 1.2-4)

1.5 (0.5-5.3; IQR 1–2)

2 (0.5-10; IQR 1–3)

Total number of seizures days on LEV

2 (0–12; IQR 0.6-3)

1 (0–4.7; IQR 0–2)

1 (0–10; IQR 0.4-2.8)

Treatment prior LEV

  No AED

3 (10%)

2 (9%)

5 (10%)

  1 AED

8 (28%)

3 (13%)

11 (21%)

  2 AED

18 (62%)

17 (74%)

35 (67%)

  3 AED

n/a

1 (4%)

1 (2%)

Time on PB prior LEV (days)

336 (2–1724; IQR 101–713)^c

386 (3–2023; IQR 218–1044) ^d

343(2–2023; IQR 120–782)

Time on KBr prior LEV (days)

1047 (190–2443; IQR 713–1594)^e

1073 (330–2999; IQR 660–2449)^f

1101 (190–2999; IQR 689–1978)

Age at start of LEV (years)

3.8 (1–8.2; IQR 2.4-6)

4.8 (1.5-10.7; IQR 2.6-7.7)

4.2 (1–10.7; IQR 2.5-6.6)

Length of LEV treatment (years)

1.4 (0.3-7.5; IQR 0.8-3.6)

0.8 (0.3-3.4; IQR 0.5-2)

1.1 (0.3-7.5; IQR 0.6-2.3)