Figure 5

Transcription level of XF upstream, downstream and XF self open-reading frames between the wild-type and its derivatives in vitro . The value of xf associated genes in the wild-type is set as 1.0. The relative change in the gene transcription ratios of the selected genes was normalized to the transcription of a single housekeeping gene (GAPDH gene), and calculated as by the 2^{-ΔΔ CT} method. Data are representative of three independent experiments carried out in triplicate. Error bars indicate standard deviations.