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Table 1 Effects of dietary treatment (T, n = 18) and time period (P, n = 18) on DMI, ruminal pH, blood count, blood gas, haematological profile and acute phase proteins

From: Effect of induced ruminal acidosis on blood variables in heifers

 

Treatment1

Period2

P-value

SEM

Trait

CT

MS

HS

1

2

3

T

P

T x P

 

DMI, kg/d

7.7a

6.9a

5.1b

6.2

6.6

6.9

0.002

0.426

0.571

0.39

Nadir ruminal pH

5.69a

5.47ab

5.44b

5.23b

5.75a

5.62a

0.042

0.003

0.307

0.073

Mean ruminal pH

6.50a

6.34b

6.31b

6.15b

6.48a

6.52a

0.012

0.001

0.116

0.076

Max ruminal pH

7.13

7.09

7.08

6.97b

7.08ab

7.25a

0.423

0.001

0.054

0.090

Blood count and gas

HGB, g/dL

11.1ab

10.9b

11.4a

11.7a

10.8b

10.9b

0.010

0.001

0.526

0.23

HCT, %

33.8ab

32.8b

34.1a

35.4a

32.3b

33.0b

0.027

<0.001

0.563

0.60

PLT, K/μL

506b

481b

601a

493

564

530

0.008

0.177

0.043

78.4

MPV, fl

4.2

4.1

3.9

4.0

4.2

4.0

0.542

0.840

0.266

0.26

pCO2, mmHg

52.0

50.3

50.4

50.4

50.9

51.4

0.126

0.502

0.137

0.63

pO2, mmHg

61.7

72.3

71.1

42.1b

71.4ab

91.6a

0.450

0.003

0.454

7.10

HCO3-, mmol/L

31.8α

31.3αβ

30.6β

31.8

31.3

30.7

0.071

0.127

0.081

0.45

O2Hb, %

87.6

87.9

86.3

77.5b

89.9a

94.5a

0.728

<0.001

0.683

2.01

RHb, %

9.9

9.8

12.4

20.4a

8.6b

3.1b

0.381

<0.001

0.721

1.96

sO2m, %

89.9

90.3

87.5

79.2b

91.4a

97.0a

0.393

<0.001

0.715

2.12

Haematological profile and acute phase proteins

Glucose, mmol/L

4.34

4.37

4.32

4.42α

4.26β

4.35αβ

0.686

0.098

0.891

0.104

CHOL, mmol/L

3.52

3.37

3.45

3.27b

3.28b

3.79a

0.446

0.005

0.548

0.130

NEFA, meq/L

0.23

0.20

0.27

0.24

0.21

0.25

0.155

0.624

0.555

0.025

β-HB, mmol/L

0.28

0.31

0.29

0.26 β

0.30αβ

0.31 α

0.440

0.069

0.406

0.016

AST, U/L

78.2ab

72.1b

82.0a

76.1αβ

74.4β

81.7α

0.007

0.053

0.092

1.70

γGT, U/L

19.2

19.4

18.6

17.7b

19.2ab

20.4a

0.527

0.031

0.622

1.33

LBP, μg/ml

5.9b

9.5a

10.5a

10.5a

7.4b

7.9b

<0.001

0.014

0.221

0.92

  1. 1CT = control; MS = medium starch; HS = high starch.
  2. 2 Experimental periods.
  3. a–b Means within a row with different superscripts differ (P < 0.05). α– β Means within a row with different superscripts differ (P < 0.10).
  4. HGB = haemoglobin; HCT = haematocrit; PLT = platelet count; MPV = mean platelet volume; pCO2 = partial pressure of carbon dioxide; pO2 = partial pressure of oxygen; HCO3 = bicarbonate level; O2Hb = oxyhaemoglobin; RHb = reduced haemoglobin; sO2m = measured oxygen saturation; CHOL = cholesterol; β-HB = β-hydroxybutyrate; AST = aspartate aminotransferase; γGT = γ-glutamyl transferase; LBP = lipopolysaccharide-binding protein.
  5. The day (D) effect (P) was as follows: DMI (< 0.001), mean pH (< 0.001), max pH (< 0.001), HGB (0.017), total protein (0.015), glucose (< 0.001), CHOL (0.014), NEFA (< 0.001), β-HB (0.012), AST (0.054) and LBP (0.012). The P value was > 0.05 for the other variables tested.
  6. The interaction P x D effect (P) was as follows: DMI (0.011), mean pH (0.008), nadir pH (0.015), HGB (0.041), pO2 (0.049), glucose (0.001) and NEFA (0.026). The P value was > 0.05 for the other variables tested.
  7. The interaction T x P x D effect (P) was as follows: DMI (0.008) and mean pH (0.047). The P value was > 0.05 for the other variables tested.