Table 1 Results of ultrasonographic examination of the rumen in 45 cows (mean ± sd, range, all measurements in cm)

48.3 ± 9.24

35.4 ± 5.72

27 ± 4.30

22.4 ± 3.27

23.1 ± 2.31

27.8 ± 5.01

(34 – 75)

(25 – 48)

(17 – 40)

(14 – 31)

(18 – 28)

(23 – 42)

75.6 ± 6.52

69.8 ± 7.40

62.5 ± 8.70

56.0 ± 5.88

58.7 ± 8.69

69.0 ± 6.84

(64 – 86)

(47 – 93)

(23 – 76)

(36 – 66)

(46 – 87)

(46 – 85)

27.9 ± 8.74

34.5 ± 7.26

37.4 ± 6.10

33.4 ± 5.99

34.9 ± 7.49

40.3 ± 6.33

(15 – 45)

(6 – 53)

(20 – 50)

(12 – 48)

(22 – 59)

(19 – 57)

NE

NE

0.3 ± 0.06

0.3 ± 0.07

0.3 ± 0.06

0.3 ± 0.08

(0.2 – 0.5)

(0.1 – 0.4)

(0.1 – 0.4)

(0.2 – 0.6)

10.3 ± 1.66

9.9 ± 2.60

8.8 ± 3.59

4.4 ± 2.74

1.1 ± 1.38

2.0 ± 2.12

(6.7 – 14.2)

(0 – 15.4)

(1.8 – 15.1)

(0 – 13.8)

(0 – 4.5)

(0 – 10.8)

NE

NE

NE

20.5 ± 7.03

19.2 ± 6.33

15.6 ± 5.35

(7 – 40)

(4 – 34)

(5 – 25)

NA

111.7 ± 9.54

116.4 ± 8.10

118.8 ± 7.46

119.3 ± 8.24

118.1 ± 7.33

(91 – 128)

(96 – 140)

(105 – 139)

(108 – 135)

(103 – 134)

NA

46.0 ± 8.65

52.6 ± 6.78

62.6 ± 9.53

61.4 ± 11.19

49.9 ± 5.38

(24 – 61)

(38 – 73)

(50 – 95)

(39 – 95)

(36 – 64)

NA

NE

0.4 ± 0.07

0.3 ± 0.06

0.3 ± 0.07

0.3 ± 0.08

(0.2 – 0.6)

(0.2 – 0.5)

(0.3 – 0.5)

(0.3 – 0.5)

NA

4.6 ± 1.74

4.8 ± 1.79

5.7 ± 2.43

6.1 ± 2.49

5.7 ± 2.52

(0 – 7.4)

(2.4 – 8.7)

(1.5 – 14.1)

(2.4 – 12.3)

(0 – 14.6)

27.9 ± 8.74^c

77.2 ± 9.90

90.2 ± 8.68

96.0 ± 8.01

97 ± 8.88

90.2 ± 7.97

(15 – 45)

(56 – 96)

(71 – 111)

(84 – 120)

(77 – 114)

(77 – 108)