Ontogenetic allometry of the Beagle

Table 4 Interspecific comparison of the growth sequences in various mammalian species

Species	Forelimb	Hindlimb	Reference
Grey short-tailed opossum	br > ab	fe > cr > ps	[33, 48]
Long-tailed chinchilla	br > ab	fe > cr > ps	[33]
Norway rat	br > ab	fe > cr > ps	[33]
Tree-shrew	sc > br > ab	fe > cr > ps	[32]
Rhesus macaque	br > ab	fe > cr > ps	[49]
Human	br > ab	fe > cr	[50]
Brown-mantled tamarin	br > ab	fe > cr	[51]
African elephant	sc > br > ab	fe > cr	[31]
Asian elephant	sc > br > ab	fe > cr	[31]
Cui	sc > br > ab	fe > cr > ps	[32]
Western lowland gorilla	sc > br		[45]
Mountain gorilla	sc > br		[45]
Tuffed capuchin	ab > br	fe > cr > ps	[47]
White-fronted capuchin	ab > br	fe > cr > ps	[47]
Domestic pig	sc > ab > br	fe > cr	[29]
European rabbit	ab > br	fe = cr > ps	[33]
Domestic dog (Beagle)	ab > br = sc	fe = cr > ps	this study
Domestic dog (Great Dane)	ab > br	fe > cr	[39]
Domestic dog (Bernese Mountain dog)	ab > br	fe > cr	[22]
Domestic dog (Rottweiler)	ab > br	fe > cr	[22]
Geoffroy’s spider monkey	ab > br	cr > fe > ps	[46]
White-headed capuchin	ab > br	cr > fe > ps	[46]
Domestic cat	ab > br	cr > fe > ps	[2]
Black-tailed jack rabbit	sc > ab > br	cr > fe > ps	[30]
Virginia opossum	ab > br	ps > fe > cr	[48]

Growth sequences are based on the slopes observed in the respective studies.
The species in the upper half of the table show a proximo-distal growth sequence for both fore- and hindlimbs, while the species in the lower half show deviations from this sequence in either both or only the forelimb. Note that the separate measurements for metatarsus and phalanges were combined as pes herein.
Abbreviations: sc-scapula, br-brachium, ab-antebrachium, ma-manus; fe-femur, cr-crus, ps-pes.