Pulmonary disease models | Scoring system: parameters (scale width) | Citations |
---|---|---|
Lung fibrosis [83] | Alveolar/bronchial wall thickening, structure distortion, fibrosis (together 0–8) | 273 |
Lung fibrosis [84] | Fibroblastic foci, established fibrosis, intraalveolar macrophages (each 0–6) | 116 |
Cystic fibrosis [85] | Lymphoid infiltrate (0–5), goblet cell hyperplasia (0–2), mucus retention (0–3), bronchiolitis (0–5), pneumonia (0–3), edema (0–2) | 101 |
Ventilator-induced lung injury [86] | Alveolar congestion, hemorrhage, neutrophils in airspaces/vessel walls, alveolar wall thickness, hyaline membranes (each 0–4) | 78 |
Pulmonary ischemia [87] | Edema, inflammatory cell infiltration, vascular congestion, alveolar hemorrhage (each 0–3) | 5 |
Smoke-induced pneumopathy [88] | Alveolar emphysema, atelectasis, infiltration, hemorrhage, alveolar wall thickness, perivascular/peribronchiolar edema (each 0–3) | 4 |
Lung inflammation [89] | Perivascular edema (0–3), perivascular/-bronchiolar inflammation (0–3), goblet cell metaplasia (0–2) | 32 |
Lung inflammation [90] | Alvolear wall inflammation, perivenous regions, periarterial/peribronchial regions, venous/arterial endothelial lesion (each 0–3) | 30 |
Acute lung inflammation [91] | Alveolar necrosis, vascular congestion, infiltration by neutrophils/ macrophages (each 0–4) | 6 |
RSV pneumonia [92] | Peribronchiolitis, alveolitis, perivasculitis, hypertrophy of mucus-producing glands, eosinophilia (each 0–5). | 26 |
Mycoplasma pneumonia [93] | Quantity/quality of (peri-)bronchial infiltrates, bronchial luminal exudate, perivascular infiltrate, parenchymal pneumonia (0–3) | 56 |
Pneumocystis carinii infection [94] | Cyst number (0–4), inflammation (0–5) | 87 |
Streptococcus pneumonia [95] | Bronchitis, edema, interstitial inflammation, intraalveolar inflammation, pleuritis, endothelialitis (each 0–4) | 0 |