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Table 1 Blood parameters of healthy Pb-non-exposed birds and Cinereous Vultures (Aegypius monachus) prior to and after therapy for lead toxicosis using CaNa 2 EDTA

From: Lead toxicosis of captive vultures: case description and responses to chelation therapy

Parameters

 Groups of vultures

  

Pb-non-exposed

Pre-treatment

Post-treatment

Ca (mmol/l)

2.83 ± 0.35

2.74 ± 0.25

2.50 ± 0.35

P (mmol/l)

1.28 ± 0.15

1.30 ± 0.27

0.96 ± 0.35

Fe (μmol/l)

13.55 ± 3.27

10.57 ± 1.74

5.40 ± 2.65**

Hb (g/l)

147.00 ± 27.12

112.12 ± 19.85

132.71 ± 24.06

Ht (l/l)

0.50 ± 0.04

0.36 ± 0.06*

0.42 ± 0.08

TP (g/l)

35.51 ± 6.40

30.80 ± 5.49

32.21 ± 4.82

UAC (μmol/l)

578.85 ± 202.97

872.30 ± 35.43

731.85 ± 327.45

AST (μkat/l)

6.78 ± 1.54

7.81 ± 1.90

5.74 ± 2.77

ALP (μkat/l)

0.64 ± 0.21

1.00 ± 1.62

3.71 ± 1.34*

CK (μkat/l)

13.53 ± 6.58

41.04 ± 10.54*

10.63 ± 0.94

LDH (μkat/l)

7.82 ± 0.94

8.06 ± 4.81

13.17 ± 8.62

TBIL (μmol/l)

13.10 ± 2.29

10.60 ± 1.50

7.81 ± 2.48

TBARS (nmol/l)

1.94 ± 0.12

7.00 ± 0.80**

7.31 ± 0.45**

FRAP (μmol/l)

1619.41 ± 34.00

1046.22 ± 362.14**

1516.75 ± 451.43

MT (μg/mg protein)

1.43 ± 0.16

1.79 ± 0.40

1.92 ± 0.20*

GSH (μg/ml)

1.00 ± 0.05

1.07 ± 0.12

0.79 ± 0.03*

GSSG (μg/ml)

0.11 ± 0.04

0.05 ± 0.01*

0.01 ± 0.001**

  1. Values represent mean ± SD; n = 6 in healthy Pb-non-exposed birds (3 males and 3 females), n = 8 in pre-and-post-treatment birds; * = p < 0.05, ** = p < 0.01 when compared against control group. The pre-and-post-treatment birds were blood sampled at the time of and one month after Ca-EDTA therapy, respectively. Ca = calcium, P = phosphorus, Fe = iron, Hb = haemoglobin, Ht = haematocrit, TP = total protein, UAC = uric acid, AST = aspartate aminotransferase, ALP = alkaline phosphatase, CK = creatine kinase, LDH = lactate dehydrogenase, TBIL = total bilirubin, TBARS = thiobarbituric acid reactive species, FRAP = ferric reducing ability of plasma, MT = metallothionein, GSH = reduced glutathione, GSSG = oxidised glutathione.