Reliability of quantitative echocardiography in adult sheep and goats

BMC Veterinary Research

Table 4 Cardiac dimensions and time indices from this study compared with previous ones[2, 7, 8]

Parameter	Goats – current study	Goats – Leroux et al. 2012	Goats – Olsson et al. 2001	Sheep – current study	Sheep – Moses and Ross 1987
PA (cm)	1.93±0.28	2.45±0.07	NR	2.38±0.21	NR
Ao (cm)	2.18±0.26	2.03±0.10	NR	2.74±0.25	NR
PA: Ao	0.93±0.04	NR	NR	0.89±0.06	NR
AoS (cm)	2.64±0.30	2.83±0.10	NR	3.20±0.31	NR
Ao-cs (cm)	2.42±0.28	NR	NR	3.09±0.30	NR
LAD (cm)	4.06±0.54	NR	NR	4.59±0.84	NR
ET (sec)	0.18±0.05	NR	NR	0.19±0.04	NR
PEP (ms)	0.03±0.01	NR	NR	0.03±0.01	NR
EPSS (cm)	0.37±0.09	NR	NR	0.42±0.09	NR
RVDd (cm)	0.99±0.32	1.21±0.21	NR	1.42±0.36	2.03±0.56
RVDs (cm)	0.67±0.28	NR	NR	0.84±0.14	NR
IVSd (cm)	0.98±0.21	0.88±0.07	NR	1.19±0.15	0.94±0.17
IVSs (cm)	1.32±0.32	1.48±0.11	NR	1.55±0.18	1.41±0.22
LVDd (cm)	3.74±0.48	4.81±0.37	4.06±0.1	4.42±0.54	5.17±0.74
LVDs (cm)	2.11±0.31	2.74±0.24	2.4±0.8	2.62±0.35	3.23±0.46
FWd (cm)	0.79±0.07	0.94±0.09	0.68±0.03	0.99±0.14	0.89±0.20
FWs (cm)	1.22±0.19	1.53±0.09	1.29±0.06	1.50±0.28	1.53±0.11
FS (%)	45.2±5.9	43.0±3.11	40.6±7.9	40.2±4.8	37.2±5.7
LVEF (%)	73.6±5.4	73.9±3.58	NR	76.9±4.9	NR
HR (bpm)	87.1±3.2	95.8±16.3	107±9	84.3±5.4	96.1±21.6
Weight (kg)	48±10	66±9	51±2	74±13	74±11

Table 4 is displaying mean ± standard deviation for cardiac dimensions and time indices in sheep and goats obtained in this study. These have then been compared with dimensions reported from two previous studies in goats [7, 8] and one in sheep [2]. Figures displayed in bold have been shown to be statistically different (p < 0.05) from values obtained in the current study when compared using independent means T-test. Abbreviations: Ao: aorta; Ao-cs: aorta measured from a short axis view (cross-section); AoS: aortic sinus; EPSS: E-point to septal separation; ET: ejection time; FS: fractional shortening; FWd: left ventricular free wall measured in diastole; FWs: left ventricular free wall measured in systole; HR: heart rate; IVSd: inter-ventricular septum measured in diastole; IVSs: inter-ventricular septum measured in systole; LAD: left atrial diameter measured end systole; LVDd: left ventricular diameter measured in diastole; LVDs: left ventricular diameter measured in systole; LVEF: left ventricular ejection fraction; PA: pulmonary artery PA: Ao: ratio of pulmonary artery to aorta; PEP: pre-ejection period; RVDd: right ventricular diameter measured in diastole; RVDs: right ventricular diameter measured in systole.

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