From: An on-farm investigation of beef suckler herds using an animal welfare index (AWI)
Score | a). Space allowance | b). Grouping | c). Rest areas | d). Calving method | e). Weaning method | f). Outdoor access | g). Grazing time (days per year) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Slats | Loose housing | Tether systems | |||||||
(m 2 /AWU) 1 | (m 2 /AWU) 1 | Movement of tether (m) | |||||||
3 | > 7.5 | ||||||||
2.5 | > 6.5 | > 270 | |||||||
2 | > 5.5 | Family herd | > 230 | ||||||
1.5 | > 4.5 | Herd without bull | > 180 | ||||||
1 | > 3 | > 4 | > 0/6/0.4 |
Same age No regroup |
Separate pen Visual Contact |
Visual contact Gradual |
Yes All of the time | > 120 | |
0.5 | 2<X2 < 3 | > 0.4/0.3 | Yes |
Yes Partially | > 50 | ||||
0 | < 2 | < 4 | < 0.4/0.3 |
Minimal Regroup/age mix | No |
Separate pen No visual contact |
Visual contact Abrupt | No | |
0.5 |
Frequent Regroup/age mix | In pen with other animals | No visual contact |