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Table 1 Bronchial epithelium expression of IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α in RAO horses on crisis and in remission, and in control horses on pasture.

From: Epithelial expression of mRNA and protein for IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α in endobronchial biopsies in horses with recurrent airway obstruction

Cytokine

RAO provocation

RAO pasture

Controls pasture

RAO, p-value provocation/pasture

IL-6

1.08 (0.83–1.64)

0.63 (0.28–1.97)

0.94 (0.57–1.18)

p = 0.67, NS

IL-10

3.68 (2.46–6.11)

4.18 (2.28–5.38)

2.64 (1.77–5.95)

p = 0.21, NS

TNF-α

4.18 (1.26–5.03)

1.21 (0.95–2.51)

1.18 (0.54–2.10)

p = 0.45, NS

  1. Immunohistochemical determination of percentage (%) of positively stained area of bronchial epithelium for selected cytokines. Values are given as medians (1st–3rd quartiles). NS = Not significant.