Figure 1From: Assessment of post-laparotomy pain in laboratory mice by telemetric recording of heart rate and heart rate variabilityChanges in heart rate immediately following laparotomy. Changes (delta) in heart rate (HR) immediately after laparotomy and at the end of the first day after laparotomy are presented. Bars represent 3-hour means (± SEM). Asterisks indicate statistical significance (paired Student's t test with Bonferroni correction) at P ≤ 0.016.Back to article page