Skip to main content

Table 1 Mean absorption parameters, J max , lagtime, P app -value and recovery (mean ± standard deviation, STD), following application of different lidocaine formulations (PBS, EtOH (50% in PBS w/w), PG (50% in PBS w/w), IPA (50% in PBS w/w) , IPM/IPA (50% in PBS w/w), DMSO (50% in PBS w/w) containing 2 mg/ml lidocaine on equine skin; n = 6, * = p < 0.05, ** = p < 0.01

From: The effects of chemical and physical penetration enhancers on the percutaneous permeation of lidocaine through equine skin

 

Vehicle

 

PBS

50% EtOH

50% PG

50% IPA

50% IPM/IPA(50/50 v/v)

50% DMSO

 

Mean ± STD

Mean ± STD

Mean ± STD

Mean ± STD

Mean ± STD

Mean ± STD

J max (μg/cm 2 /h):

11.37 ± 1.81

6.94 ± 4.53

6.44 ± 1.43

7.28 ± 3.00

7.21 ± 2.72

12.47 ± 1.66

lagtime (h):

0.86 ± 1.03

1.86 ± 1.99

1.18 ± 0.95

2.21 ± 1.21

1.48 ± 0.61

1.63 ± 0.53

Papp (cm/s):

1.6E-06 ± 2.5E-07

9.6E-07 ± 6.3E-07*

8.9E-07 ± 2.0E-07*

1.0E-06 ± 4.2E-07

1.0E-06 ± 3.8E-07

1.7E-06 ± 2.3E-07

Recovery 6 h (%):

5.1 ± 1.0

2.3 ± 1.5**

2.9 ± 2.1**

2.5 ± 1.5**

3.1 ± 1.5*

4.3 ± 0.5

  1. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.