Fig. 4
From: An abattoir study of the prevalence of foot lesions and claw measurements in water buffalo in Egypt
Calculation of the recommended minimal external wall length. Segment “a” is added to the internal wall length if the claw is trimmed to a step and segment “a + c” is added if the claw is trimmed to a point. Segment “a” is calculated as a = b / (tangent of claw angle) where “b” is the dorsal wall sickness. Segment “c” is calculated as c = d / (sine claw angle) where “d” is the minimum recommended sole thickness of 5 mm at the tip of the 3rd phalanx