Fig. 1

NLR, AGR, and PLR were compared between the control group (CG) and dogs with nasal discharge (ND) in general (n = 55, top row, A–C); and between the control group (CG, n = 10) and dogs with benign (B-NP, n = 30) and malignant (M-NP, n = 25) nasal cavity pathology (bottom row, D-F). The NLR was significantly higher in dogs with ND than in CG (p < 0.0001), as well as in dogs with benign or malignant NP (p < 0.0001). AGR was significantly lower in dogs with ND compared to the CG (p = 0.0025). In contrast to CG, AGR was significantly lower in benign (B-) NP (p = 0.0006), and malignant (M-) NP; p = 0.0202. PLR was not significantly increased between CG and dogs with ND. However, PLR of dogs with M-NP was significantly higher than that of B-NP (p = 0.0244) and that of the CG (p = 0.0074). Data are shown in box and whisker plots. Upper and lower boxes represent the 25th and 75th percentiles (lower whiskers = minimum, upper whiskers = maximum values) and the line represents the median