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Table 2 In vivo antitrypanosomal effect of the leaf extracts of Ranunculus multifidus and anemonin on parasitemia level (Log number trypanosomes/ml) of Trypanosoma congolense infected mice

From: In vitro and in vivo antitrypanosomal activity of the fresh leaves of Ranunculus Multifidus Forsk and its major compound anemonin against Trypanosoma congolense field isolate

Test substance (mg/kg)

Log number trypanosomes/ml

Day 0

Day 2

Day 4

Day 6

Day 8

Day 10

Day 12

Day 14

1% DMSO

7.26 ± 0.06

7.74 ± 0.14

8.28 ± 0.07

8.58 ± 0.07

8.64 ± 0.06

8.70 ± 0.0

8.82 ± 0.07

8.94 ± 0.06

DA 28.00

7.32 ± 0.07

2.16 ± 1.32a3

0.00 ± 0.00a3

0.00 ± 0.00a3

0.00 ± 0.00a3

0.00 ± 0.00a3

1.08 ± 1.08a3

2.16 ± 1.32a3

RM-M 100

7.26 ± 0.06

6.90 ± 0.09b3,(i−k)3

6.6 ± 0.00a3,b3,(h–k)3

6.18 ± 0.20a3,b3,(h–k)3

4.86 ± 1.23b1,(i−k)1

6.30 ± 0.09a3,b3,(h–k)3

6.48 ± 0.07a3, b3,(i−k)3

6.78 ± 0.07a3,b3,(i−k)3

RM-M 200

7.32 ± 0.07

6.78 ± 0.12b3,(i−k)3

6.48 ± 0.07a3,b3,(h–k)3

5.88 ± 0.20a3,b3,(h–k)3

4.44 ± 1.11

6.12 ± 0.2a3,b3,(h–k)3

6.42 ± 0.07a3,b3,(i−k)3

6.60 ± 0.00a3,b3,(i−k)3

RM-M 400

7.26 ± 0.05

6.72 ± 0.07b3,(i−k)3

6.18 ± 0.07a3,b3,(h–k)3

5.52 ± 0.12a3,b3,(h–k)3

2.16 ± 1.32a3

3.24 ± 1.32a3,b3,(h–k)3

4.32 ± 1.08a3

5.40 ± 1.13a3

RM-H 8.75

7.26 ± 0.05

6.72 ± 0.07b3,(i−k)3

6.18 ± 0.07a3,b3,(h–k)3

5.52 ± 0.12a3,b3,(h–k)3

2.16 ± 1.32a3

3.24 ± 1.32a3,b3,(h–k)3

4.32 ± 1.08a3

4.50 ± 1.13a3

RM-H 17.50

7.26 ± 0.05

6.72 ± 0.07b3,(i−k)3

6.18 ± 0.07a3,b3,(h–k)3

5.52 ± 0.12a3,b3,(h–k)3

1.08 ± 1.08a3

3.16 ± 1.32a3,b3,(h–k)3

4.32 ± 1.08a3

4.50 ± 1.13a3

RM-H 35.00

7.26 ± 0.06

5.4 ± 0.00b1,(i−k)3

2.16 ± 1.32a3,b3,(i−k)3

1.08 ± 1.08a3

1.08 ± 1.08a3

2.24 ± 1.32a3

4.32 ± 1.08a3

4.50 ± 0.00a3

Anemonin 8.75

7.32 ± 0.07

2.16 ± 1.32a3

0.00 ± 0.00a3

0.00 ± 0.00a3

0.00 ± 0.00a3

0.00 ± 0.00a3

0.00 ± 0.00a3

0.00 ± 0.00a3

Anemonin 17.50

7.38 ± 0.07

2.16 ± 1.32a3

0.00 ± 0.00a3

0.00 ± 0.00a3

0.00 ± 0.00a3

0.00 ± 0.00a3

0.00 ± 0.0a3

0.00 ± 0.00a3

Anemonin 35.00

7.38 ± 0.07

1.08 ± 1.08a3

0.00 ± 0.00a3

0.00 ± 0.00a3

0.00 ± 0.00a3

0.00 ± 0.00a3

0.00 ± 0.00a3

0.00 ± 0.00a3

  1. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM; n = 5; a: compared to 1% DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide), b: compared to DA, c: compared to RM-M 100, d: compared to RM-M 200, e: compared to RM-M 400, f: compared to RM-H 8.75, g: compared to RM-H 17.50, h: compared to RM-H 35.00, i: compared to anemonin 8.75, j: compared to anemonin 17.50, k: compared to anemonin 35.00; 1: p < 0.05, 2: p < 0.01, 3: p < 0.001; 1% DMSO: vehicle, DA: diminazene aceturate, RM-M: 80% methanol extract of R. multifidus, RM-H: hydro-distilled extract of Ranunculus multifidus