Table 1 Mean values (M ± SD) of temperature, pulse rates, respiration rates, rumen movements, appetite score, RFS, MCS, and MDS in Cont^gr (n = 30), OnlyBp^gr (n = 210), and BpFl^gr (n = 10) male camels

Temperature

(°C)

37.37 ± 0.43^c

38.78 ± 0.61^b

40.16 ± 0.74^a

(36–38)²⁰ or (37.2 ± 0.77)⁴⁶

Pulse

(Beats/min)

33.18 ± 3.44^c

40.62 ± 4.11^b

44.77 ± 3.08^a

(32–36)²⁰ or (24–48/min)⁴³

Respiration (Breaths/min)

13.33 ± 2.67^c

24.88 ± 3.29^b

33.07 ± 4.02^a

(8–18)⁴⁴ or (12.55 ± 0.30)⁴⁷

Rumen motility

(Movements/2 min)

3.35 ± 0.49^a

1.44 ± 0.32^b

1.36 ± 0.71^b

(4.3 ± 0.14)⁴⁸ or (3.65 ± 0.66)⁴⁹

Appetite score

2.88 ± 0.23^a

1.28 ± 0.37^b

1.03 ± 0.56^b

–

RFS

3.34 ± 0.26^a

2.12 ± 0.27^b

2.24 ± 0.41^b

(1 = flat – 5 = distended or 3.0 ± 4.31 or ≤ 2/5)⁴⁵

MDS

2.76 ± 0.31^a

1.56 ± 0.25^b

1.32 ± 0.32^b

(2.5 to 3)²¹

MCS

2.91 ± 0.18^a

2.36 ± 0.15^b

2.16 ± 0.24^b

(2.5 to 3)²¹