Disease model | Scoring system: parameters (scale width) | Citations |
---|---|---|
Graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) | ||
Intestinal acute GvHD [145] | Small intestine: villous blunting, crypt regeneration/apoptosis/loss, enterocyte loss, infiltration (each 0–4); Colon: crypt regeneration, colonocyte vacuolization, crypt apoptosis/destruction, infiltration (each 0–4) | 389 |
Acute GvHD [146] | Small/large bowel: villous blunting, crypt regeneration/apoptosis/loss, luminal sloughing, infiltration, mucosal ulceration, epithelial/vacuolization (each 0–4), liver: portal infiltration, bile duct apoptosis/sloughing, parenchymal apoptosis/abscesses/mitoses, steatosis, cholestasis (each 0–4) | 170 |
Acute GvHD [147] | Skin: epidermal damage, dermal collagen density, dermal infiltration, subcutaneous fat loss, hair follicle loss (each 0–2), intestine: crypt apoptosis, inflammation(each 0–4), liver: bile duct injury (0–4) | 50 |
Hemorrhagic shock | ||
Lung lesion [148] | Alveolar membrane thickening, congestion, edema, intraalveolar hemorrhage, interstitial, intraalveolar infiltration (each 0–3) | 36 |
Intestinal, pulmonary lesions [149] | Intestine: % injury (number of edematous villi x 0,5 + number of villi with epithelial damage x 1), lung: number of neutrophils in 10 fields | 2 |
Pulmonary, intestinal, renal, hepatic lesions [150] | Lung: atelectasis, hemorrhage, edema, congestion, inflammation, hyp-eraeration (each 0–3); ileal mucosal damage, (0–5), liver: congestion, necrosis, vacuolization (each 0–3), Kidney: epithelial swelling, tubular dilation, necrosis, edema, microthrombosis (each 0–3) | 2 |
Immunotoxicity | ||
[151] | Complete assessment of all lymphoid organs (each 0–4) | 50 |
Transplant rejection | ||
Banff classification for renal rejection [152] | Tubulitis, arteritis, mononuclear cell interstitial infiltrates, glomerulitis, interstitial fibrosis, tubular atrophy, glomerulopathy, mesangial matrix increase, vascular fibrous intimal thickening, arteriolar hyaline thickening (each 0–3) | 1.727 |
Heart rejection 1990 [153] | Infiltration, myocyte damage (0–4) | 1401 |
Heart rejection 2005 [154] | Infiltration, myocyte damage (0–3) | 365 |
Lung rejection [155] | Inflammation (0–4), lymphocyte infiltration (0–1), bronchiolitis obliterans (0–4), Vascular rejection (0–1), vasculitis (0–1) | 362 |
Skin rejection [156] | Acanthosis, ulceration, necrosis, inflammation, granulation tissue (0–5) | 1 |