Variable | Category | N (%) | Prev(%) | OR | 95% CI | P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Herd size (number of goats according to UBN registry) | ≥ 800 | 47 (49.0) | 59.6 | 3.7 | 1.6-8.6 | 0.0020 |
 | < 800 | 49 (51.0) | 28.6 | Ref |  |  |
Mandatory vaccination area 2009 | Inside | 53 (55.2) | 58.5 | 4.1 | 1.7-9.9 | 0.0010 |
 | Outside | 43 (44.8) | 25.6 | Ref |  |  |
Goat density per km2 within 5 km radius from farm | ≥ 25 | 48 (50.0) | 56.3 | 2.8 | 1.2-6.5 | 0.0130 |
 | < 25 | 48 (50.0) | 31.3 | Ref |  |  |
Cattle density per km2 in farm municipality (excl. meat calves) | ≥ 100 | 67 (69.8) | 50.8 | 2.7 | 1.1-7.0 | 0.0329 |
 | < 100 | 29 (30.2) | 27.6 | Ref |  |  |
Distance to nearest bulk milk PCR-positive farm (km) | 0- < 4 | 29 (30.2) | 72.4 | 10.0 | 3.4-29.1 | < .0001 |
 | 4- < 8 | 19 (19.8) | 57.9 | 5.2 | 1.7-16.5 |  |
 | ≥ 8 | 48 (50.0) | 20.8 | Ref |  |  |
Number of stables | 1-2 stables | 40 (41.7) | 35.0 | Ref | Â | 0.1424 |
 | ≥ 3 stables | 56 (58.3) | 50.0 | 1.9 | 0.8-4.3 |  |
Use of artificial insemination | Yes | 26 (27.1) | 61.5 | 2.7 | 1.1-6.7 | 0.0370 |
 | No | 70 (72.9) | 37.7 | Ref |  |  |
Having at least one dog at the farm | Yes | 84 (87.5) | 47.6 | 4.6 | 0.9-22.0 | 0.0337 |
 | No | 12 (12.5) | 16.7 | Ref |  |  |
Having at least one rabbit at the farm | Yes | 26 (27.1) | 30.8 | 0.5 | 0.2-1.2 | 0.1138 |
 | No | 70 (72.9) | 48.6 | Ref |  |  |
Having at least one pet bird at the farm | Yes | 25 (25.0) | 28.0 | 0.4 | 0.2-1.1 | 0.0606 |
 | No | 71 (75.0) | 49.3 | Ref |  |  |
Dog(s) in goat stable | Yes | 60 (62.5) | 51.7 | 2.4 | 1.0-5.8 | 0.0415 |
 | No/unknown | 36 (37.5) | 30.6 | Ref |  |  |
Cat(s) in goat stable | Yes | 34 (35.4) | 58.8 | 2.6 | 1.1-6.1 | 0.0275 |
 | No/unknown | 62 (64.6) | 35.5 | Ref |  |  |
Signs of vermin (mice, rats, birds) in roughage or litter during past 12 months | Unknown | 14 (14.6) | 64.3 | 2.7 | 0.8-8.7 | 0.0944 |
 | Known (yes or no) | 82 (85.4) | 40.2 | Ref |  |  |
Feeding silage | Yes | 64 (66.7) | 51.6 | 2.7 | 1.1-6.8 | 0.0269 |
 | No | 32 (33.3) | 28.1 | Ref |  |  |
Feeding maize | Yes | 40 (41.7) | 55.0 | 2.2 | 1.0-5.0 | 0.0602 |
 | No | 56 (58.3) | 35.7 | Ref |  |  |
Use of lucerne, pulp feed or other roughage/litter | Yes | 24 (25.0) | 58.3 | 2.2 | 0.9-5.6 | 0.0972 |
 | No | 72 (75.0) | 38.9 | Ref |  |  |
Origin of straw | Abroad/unknown | 59 (61.5) | 49.2 | 1.8 | 0.8-4.2 | 0.1757 |
 | No straw or domestic straw | 37 (38.5) | 35.1 | Ref |  |  |
Feeding method | Hand/wheelbarrow | 31 (32.3) | 22.6 | Ref | Â | 0.0202 |
 | Fodder mixer | 56 (58.3) | 57.1 | 4.6 | 1.7-12.4 |  |
 | Automatic | 9 (9.4) | 33.3 | 1.7 | 0.3-8.7 |  |
Sidewall ventilation | Yes | 38 (39.6) | 34.2 | 0.5 | 0.2-1.2 | 0.1252 |
 | No | 58 (60.4) | 50.0 | Ref |  |  |
Control nuisance animals (e.g. wild birds) in 2008 | Yes, by covering air spaces | 15 (15.6) | 73.3 | 2.1 | 1.3-15.4 | 0.0409 |
 | Yes, only via another ways (a.o. capture cage) | 13 (13.5) | 38.5 | 1.0 | 0.3-3.4 |  |
 | Not applicable | 68 (70.8) | 38.2 | Ref |  |  |
Percentage of aborting goats or goats with stillbirth in 2007-2009 or known history of abortion wave due to Q fever since 2005 | < 4% | 82 (85.4) | 39.0 | Ref | Â | 0.0234 |
 | ≥ 4% and/or abortion wave | 14 (14.6) | 71.4 | 3.9 | 1.1-13.5 |  |
Spread of manure | On or near own farmland | 79 (82.3) | 39.2 | Ref | Â | 0.0497 |
 | To other places | 15 (15.6) | 66.7 | 3.1 | 1.0-9.9 |  |
Lambing periods in 2009 | ≤ 1 | 57 (59.4) | 31.6 | Ref |  | 0.0035 |
 | ≥ 2 | 39 (40.6) | 61.5 | 3.5 | 1.5-8.1 |  |
Type of tenure | Completely closed | 27 (28.1) | 55.6 | 2.4 | 0.9-6.1 | 0.1158 |
 | Closed for female goats only | 52 (54.2) | 34.6 | Ref |  |  |
 | No, not closed | 16 (16.7) | 56.3 | 2.4 | 0.8-7.6 |  |
Goat supply from the province of Friesland | Yes | 19 (19.6) | 26.3 | 0.4 | 0.1-1.2 | 0.0806 |
 | No | 77 (80.2) | 48.1 | Ref |  |  |
Goat supply from the province of Overijssel | Yes | 10 (10.4) | 20.0 | 0.3 | 0.1-1.4 | 0.0961 |
 | No | 86 (89.6) | 46.5 | Ref |  |  |